Causative conjugation system (C)

		P			Ā			Ps
	Ind	Imp	Opt	Ind	Imp	Opt	Ind	Imp	Opt
Pr	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√	√
Impf	√			√			√
Fu	√	(√)	(√)	√	(√)	(√)
Ao	√¹			√¹
Pf	√²			√²

^{1 R}Ao

^{2 R}Periphrastic

Paradigm

‘do’

^CS = kāraya

Pr/Impf

√ = [¹K]^√A²K:	^CS = ^G√ aya	(1)
√ = [¹K]^{¬ā √}A:	^CS = ^V√ aya	(2)
√ = ¹Kā:	^CS = ^G√ paya	(3)
	^CE = ^IE	(4)

Note:

ṛ ‘go’,	^CS = arpaya	(5)
ruh ‘grow. climb’	^CS = ropaya ∨ rohaya	(6)

Paradigm:

‘say’

Ps:C,

‘cause to be spoken’

S = vādaya

Ps

aya + ya > aya, so:
^Ps:CS= ^CS	(7)
^Ps:CE = ^I/ĀE	(8)

vādayati (C) ‘cause to be spoken’ C/Ps/3/sg: vādayate

Paradigm:

‘fall’

Fu:C,

‘will fell’

S = pātayiṣya

Fu

aya + iṣya > ayiṣya, so:
√ = [¹K]^√A²K:	^Fu:CS = ^G√ ayiṣya	(9)
√ = [¹K]^{¬ā √}A:	^Fu:CS = ^V√ ayiṣya	(10)
√ = ¹Kā:	^Fu:CS = ^G√ payiṣya	(11)
	^Fu:CE = ^IE	(12)

Ao

The ^RAo is used here, but it is formed without the aya-infix; a long ^√A is often shorted; the p in (3) above remains:

√	C/3/sg/P	Ao:C/3/sg/P
dṛś	darśayati ‘show’	adīdṛśat
jan	janayati ‘beget’	ajījanat
budh	bodhayati ‘awaken, instruct’	abūbudhat
dīp	dīpayati ‘kindle’	adīdipat
jñā	jñāpayati ‘instruct’	ajijñapat

Paradigms:

‘be pleased’

C/Pf:

‘has satisfied’

S = toṣayām+ās

mā

‘measure’

Pf:C,

‘has caused

to be measured’

S = māpayām+cakṛ

Pf

^Pf:CS =^CS ām (^Pfkṛ ∨ ^Pfas ∨ ^Pfbhū)

(13)

(Cf. Peripharastic Pf)

Copyright © 2005 Lennart Warnemyr